Geochemical and Morphometric Characterization of Mt. Ronggo (Scoria Cone), East Java, Indonesia: Insights into Monogenetic Volcanism and Edifice Instability

Muhammad Andriansyah Gurusinga; Yusuf Bagaskoro; Dzikru Aminulloh; Septyo Uji Pratomo; Peter Pratistha Utama; Andhika Nugraha

doi:10.56099/ophi.v8i1.p1-12

Penulis

Muhammad Andriansyah Gurusinga UPN Veteran Yogyakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1880-7895
Yusuf Bagaskoro Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
Dzikru Aminulloh UPN Veteran Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Septyo Uji Pratomo UPN Veteran Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Peter Pratistha Utama UPN Veteran Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Andhika Nugraha Akita University, Japan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56099/ophi.v8i1.p1-12

Kata Kunci:

monogenetic volcano, scoria cone, sector collapse, east java

Abstrak

Gunung Ronggo adalah kerucut scoria monogenetik Kuarter di lereng barat kompleks Gunung Semeru, Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini mengintegrasikan geokimia (XRF), stratigrafi lapangan, dan rekonstruksi morfometrik untuk menguraikan evolusi erupsi dan ketidakstabilan strukturnya. Analisis geokimia menunjukkan produk didominasi basalt (SiO₂ ≈ 46–52 wt%) dengan tumpang tindih komposisi yang signifikan terhadap tren calc-alkaline regional sistem Tengger-Bromo, Semeru, dan Lamongan, mengindikasikan pusat vulkanik ini terhubung dengan reservoir magma regional yang sama atau mirip. Rekaman stratigrafi lapangan mengindikasikan transisi erupsi, dibuktikan oleh endapan aliran densitas piroklastik (PDC) dan fragmen arang yang cocok untuk penanggalan radiokarbon di masa depan. Pemodelan morfometrik kerucut asli (V ≈ 126,6 × 10⁶ m³) mengidentifikasi longsoran sektor 120° yang melibatkan 20,4 × 10⁶ m³ material. Perhitungan keseimbangan massa menunjukkan sisa Bukit Barat hanya menyumbang 23,7% dari massa yang longsor. Ketidaksesuaian volume ini mengindikasikan kegagalan lereng dikendalikan oleh zona lemah struktural baratlaut-tenggara yang membahayakan lereng barat, menentukan arah longsoran, dan memfasilitasi penyebaran atau penguburan sisa 76,3% material. Hasil ini menyoroti peran penting warisan struktur dalam mengendalikan ketidakstabilan lateral gunung api monogenetik di Busur Vulkanik Jawa.

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